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考研英語作文常考8類主題詞盤點(diǎn)

  摘要:英語考場上最痛苦的事情,可能就是作文要求看得懂,寫作思路也清晰,但是,最核心的主題詞不會寫!大寫的尷尬在臉上??旌涂佳袔托【幰黄饛?fù)習(xí)一下,那些??甲魑闹黝}詞,臨陣磨槍,又快又光。

  ?精神品質(zhì)類(極重要)

  注:是考查頻度最高的話題。是絕對的重點(diǎn)。

  team spirit:團(tuán)隊精神

  teamwork:團(tuán)隊合作

  strengthen mutual cooperation:增強(qiáng)相互合作

  cultivate the atmosphere of teamwork:形成團(tuán)隊精神

  patience:耐心

  prudence:謹(jǐn)慎

  persistence/perseverance:恒心/毅力/堅持 —— 對應(yīng):give up halfway(半途而廢)

  endeavor:努力

  diligence/painstaking efforts:勤奮

  self-dependence/self-reliance/independence:自立

  innovation/creativity/critical thinking:創(chuàng)新

  self-confidence:自信(lack of confidence:缺乏自信)

  modesty:謙虛

  striving spirit:奮斗精神

  the spirit of competition:拼搏精神

  aggressive:有進(jìn)取心的

  strong-willed:意志堅強(qiáng)的

  tireless:孜孜不倦的

  persevering:不屈不撓的

  consistent:始終如一的

  adversity and hardship:逆境和苦難

  a sense of achievement:成就感

  sense of honor:榮譽(yù)感

  entertain great ambitions:胸懷抱負(fù)

  reap without sowing:不勞而獲

  haste makes waste:欲速則不達(dá)

  utilitarian:功利的,急功近利的

  actions:行動(take actions:付諸行動)

  down-to-earth:務(wù)實的

  thrift:勤儉

  honesty:誠信

  respect the old and care for the young:尊老愛幼

  curiosity:充滿好奇

  spirit of the craftsman/craftsman's spirit/craftsmanship spirit:工匠精神

  striving for the best/striving for excellence:精益求精

  ?道德類(極重要)

  public morality:公德

  devotion/dedication:奉獻(xiàn)

  charity:慈善

  duty/responsibility:責(zé)任

  sense of responsibility:責(zé)任感

  shoulder/assume/undertake one's duties/responsibility:承擔(dān)責(zé)任

  avoid/shirk/shun one's duties/responsibility:逃避責(zé)任

  traditional virtues:傳統(tǒng)美德

  practice filial piety:奉行孝道

  selfless devotion:無私奉獻(xiàn)

  Patriotism:愛國主義

  comply with the law/observation of the law:遵守法律

  comply with public morality:遵守公德

  follow the morals:按道德行事

  improve public morals:改進(jìn)社會風(fēng)氣

  safeguard public morals:維護(hù)公共道德

  injure public morality:損害公共道德

  be public-spirited:有公德心的

  the corruption of public morality:公德墮落

  the lack of moral sense:道德缺失

  the crisis of trust:信任危機(jī)

  spit everywhere:隨地吐痰

  make noise/talk loudly:大聲喧嘩

  littering:亂丟垃圾

  empty promise:空洞承諾

  false promise:虛假承諾

  compete for benefits:爭搶利益

  unfair competitions:不公平競爭

  consumers' rights and interests:消費(fèi)者權(quán)益

  disregard the public rules:無視公共規(guī)章

  break/violate public regulations:違反公共規(guī)章

  benevolence:善心仁慈

  with heart and soul:全心全意

  amicable:友好的

  charitable:寬厚的

  credibility:信譽(yù),美譽(yù)

  fake commodities:偽劣產(chǎn)品

  dishonest behaviors:欺詐行為

  unaffordable prices of medicines:藥價虛高

  academic corruption:學(xué)術(shù)腐敗

  plagiarism:剽竊抄襲

  excessive growth:過度上漲

  illegal ads:非法廣告

  food safety:食品安全

  misdeed/misconduct:不良行為

  spirit of contact:契約精神

  volunteer/volunteering/volunteering service:志愿者/志愿者活動/志愿服務(wù)

  volunteer spirit:志愿者精神

  ?家庭類或兩代關(guān)系類(重要)

  注:1992年以來,家庭類話題在英語(一)大作文中考過5次,是重要的考查話題。最近一次考的是在2016年。

  mutual understanding:相互理解

  aging society:老齡化社會

  population aging:人口老齡化

  generation gap:代溝

  widen/expand generation gap:擴(kuò)大代溝

  narrow/bridge generation gap:消除代溝

  chauvinism:大男子主義

  career women:職業(yè)婦女

  domestic/family violence:家庭暴力

  foster/raise/breed/nurture/bring up:撫養(yǎng)

  household chores:繁雜家務(wù)

  spoil children/dote on children:溺愛孩子

  over-indulgence:縱容溺愛

  only child:獨(dú)生子女

  the universal two-child policy:全面二孩政策

  例:The aging trend would be actively addressed by the universal two-child policy.(全面二孩政策將有效應(yīng)對人口老齡化趨勢)

  boomerang kids/the NEET group(NEET=Not currently engaged in Education, Employment or Training):啃老族

  a well-off family:小康之家

  nuclear famaily:核心家庭

  a single-parent family:單親家庭

  one's later years/one's remaining years:晚年

  filial piety:孝道

  practice filial piety/fulfill filial duty:奉行孝道

  support(take care of/sustain) the elderly(the old/the aged/the senior/aged parents/the old and infirm parents):贍養(yǎng)老人

  show solicitude for parents:關(guān)心父母

  mistreat/ill-treat/maltreat parents:虐待父母

  cousin:堂兄妹,表兄妹

  offspring:后代,后輩

  ancestor:祖先

  heir:繼承人

  ?環(huán)保類(重要)

  注:1992年以來,環(huán)保類話題在英語(一)大作文中已考過3次,是重要的考查話題。

  environment-friendly:生態(tài)環(huán)保的

  conserve natural habitats:保護(hù)生存環(huán)境

  animal rights activist:動物權(quán)益保護(hù)者

  natural reserve:自然保護(hù)區(qū)

  natural resources:自然資源

  energy conservation and environmental protection:節(jié)能環(huán)保

  biodiversity:生物多樣性

  extinction:滅絕

  wind breaks:防風(fēng)林

  sand breaks:防沙林

  climate change:氣候變化

  greenhouse effect:溫室效應(yīng)

  threat of global warming:全球變暖的威脅

  develop renewable resources:開發(fā)可再生資源

  low-carbon economy:低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)

  low-carbon lifestyle:低碳生活方式

  environmental awareness:環(huán)境意識

  deforestation:森林消失

  landslide:山體滑坡

  biodegradable:可生物降解的

  environment-friendly(eco-friendly) products:環(huán)保產(chǎn)品

  household garbage:生活垃圾

  waste sorting/garbage classification:垃圾分類

  motor vehicle pollution:汽車尾氣污染

  reduce exhaust emission from cars/automobiles:減少汽車尾氣的排放

  low-emission cars:小排量汽車

  high-emission cars:大排量汽車

  public transport:公共交通

  green commuting:綠色出行

  water and soil erosion:水土流失

  soot emissions:煙塵排放

  sea water desalinization:海水淡化

  eco-demonstration region:生態(tài)示范區(qū)

  Nationally Designated Garden City:國家級園林城市

  create pleasant living environment:創(chuàng)造怡人的生活環(huán)境

  air pollution:空氣污染

  degradation/deterioration of air quality:空氣質(zhì)量惡化

  discharge/emit poisonous/toxic gas:排放有毒氣體

  acid rain:酸雨

  drought:干旱

  sandstorm:沙塵暴

  toxic waste:有毒廢物

  industrial waste:工業(yè)廢物

  sewage treatment:污水處理

  ?健康類

  注:只在1996、1997這兩年考過。健康類話題英語(二)考查的可能性比較大。

  physical health/fitness/well-being:生理健康

  mental/psychological health/fitness/well-being:心理健康

  improve/enhance physical(psychological) health:增進(jìn)生理(心理)健康

  hurt/damage physical(psychological)health:損害生理(心理)健康

  health concern:健康問題

  state of health:健康狀況

  sub-health:亞健康

  public health:公共衛(wèi)生

  state of mind:心態(tài)

  physical exercises:體育鍛煉

  well-balanced diet:均衡飲食

  sacrifice health:犧牲健康

  junk food:垃圾食品

  food additives:食品添加劑

  go on a diet:節(jié)食,減肥

  arrhythmia:心律不齊

  indigestion:消化不良

  vaccinate:打疫苗

  infectious disease/illness:傳染病

  chronic disease/illness:慢性病

  non-acclimatization:水土不服

  relapse:復(fù)發(fā)癥

  stupor:昏迷

  nearsightedness/myopia/short-sightedness:近視

  malnutrition:營養(yǎng)不良

  chill:打冷戰(zhàn)

  ?文化類(重要)

  注:文化類話題是英語(一)大作文的高頻考查話題,1992年以來已考過4次,最近一次是在2010年(文化火鍋)。截至目前,已有7年未考了,2018考研務(wù)必重視這個話題。

  culture and civilization:文化和文明

  The cultural blending/integration/fusion:文化融合

  cultural exchanges/interaction/interchange:文化交流

  cultural diversity:文化多元化

  multiculturalism:多元文化

  cultural identity:文化特性

  cultural treasures:文化寶藏

  cultural heritage/legacy:文化遺產(chǎn)

  cultural relics:文物

  cultural facilities:文化設(shè)施

  cultural devolution:文化退化

  cultural insights:文化視角

  traditional Chinese culture/national culture:民族(傳統(tǒng))文化

  alien/foreign culture:外國文化

  Chinese cultural symbols:中國文化的符號

  advocate/carry forward traditional culture:弘揚(yáng)傳統(tǒng)文化

  preserve and cherish traditions:保存和珍惜傳統(tǒng)

  undermine traditions:破壞傳統(tǒng)

  great and profound:博大精深的

  public literature:大眾文學(xué)

  light literature:通俗文學(xué)

  local customs and practices:風(fēng)土人情

  cross-cultural communication:跨文化交流

  spiritual civilization:精神文明

  break with old customs:拋棄傳統(tǒng)

  hand down from generation to generation:代代相傳

  minority:少數(shù)民族

  national pride:民族自豪

  original:原始原創(chuàng)的

  charming:極具魅力的

  splendid:壯麗輝煌的

  talk show:談話節(jié)目

  crash:碰撞

  collection:收藏品

  mahjong:麻將

  Peking/Beijing opera:京劇

  Tang Suit:唐裝

  folk art:民間藝術(shù)

  paper-cut:剪紙

  Confucius Institute:孔子學(xué)院

  Chinese craze:中國熱

  ?教育類

  注:教育類話題英語(二)考查的可能性比較大。

  compulsory education:義務(wù)教育

  life-long education:終身教育

  exam/test-oriented education:應(yīng)試教育

  quality education:素質(zhì)教育

  well-rounded development of a child:全面發(fā)展

  balanced development of a child:均衡發(fā)展

  cultural quality:文化素質(zhì)

  impart knowledge and educate people:教書育人

  dropout student:失學(xué)兒童

  intellectual property:知識產(chǎn)權(quán)

  law education:法制教育

  teach students according to their aptitude:因材施教

  force-feeding method of teaching:填鴨式教學(xué)

  academic/theoretical knowledge:理論知識

  practical skills:實用技能

  integrate theory with practice:理論聯(lián)系實際

  disconnect theory from practice:理論脫離實際

  shape/mould one's character:塑造性格

  extra-curricular activities:課外活動

  the spirit of exploration:探索精神

  cultivate (nurture, foster) creative/original thinking:培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)新思維

  stifle/constrain/extinguish creativity:扼殺創(chuàng)造力

  sap/dampen student's interest in sth.:挫傷學(xué)生對某事的興趣

  opening ceremony:開學(xué)典禮

  key school:重點(diǎn)中學(xué)

  private school:私立學(xué)校

  public school:公立學(xué)校

  eliminate illiteracy:掃盲

  miss a class:缺課

  cut a class:曠課

  drop out:輟學(xué)

  quit school:退學(xué)

  assistantship:助學(xué)金

  scholarship:獎學(xué)金

  university graduates:大學(xué)畢業(yè)生

  pursue post-graduate study/take part in the entrance exams for postgraduates:考研

  study abroad/go abroad for further education:出國留學(xué)

  excessive/undue academic pressure:過大的學(xué)習(xí)壓力

  the burden of study/learning:學(xué)習(xí)負(fù)擔(dān)

  ease/relieve academic pressure:緩解學(xué)習(xí)壓力

  intensify academic pressure:增強(qiáng)學(xué)習(xí)壓力

  academic atmosphere:學(xué)習(xí)氣氛

  ?經(jīng)濟(jì)類

  注:經(jīng)濟(jì)類話題英語(二)考查的可能性比較大。

  economic globalization:經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化

  recession/bleeding economy:經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣

  economic/financial crisis:經(jīng)濟(jì)/金融危機(jī)

  the fallout of economic/financial crisis:經(jīng)濟(jì)/金融危機(jī)的影響

  economic recovery:經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇

  economic prosperity:經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮

  spur/stimulate economic development:刺激經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展

  hinder/impede economic development:阻礙經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展

  job market:就業(yè)市場

  look for/hunt for/seek a job:找工作

  job seeker:求職者

  a tough job market:嚴(yán)峻的就業(yè)形勢

  unrealistic salary expectations:不切實際的薪資期望

  pursue a high-paid job:追求高薪工作

  without/lack of practical experience/hands-on experience/practical abilities/vocational skills/career skills:沒有或缺乏實踐經(jīng)驗/實踐能力/職業(yè)技能

  lose one's job/be unemployed:失業(yè)

  job losses mount, unemployment climbs:失業(yè)加劇

  unemployment:失業(yè)人數(shù)

  generate/create/afford job opportunities/employment opportunities:創(chuàng)造/提供就業(yè)機(jī)會

  career guidance:就業(yè)指導(dǎo)

  decline/recession/depression:萎縮/衰退/蕭條

  bubble economy:泡沫經(jīng)濟(jì)

  demand exceed supply:供不應(yīng)求

  turn loss into gains:轉(zhuǎn)虧為盈

  stabilize prices:穩(wěn)定物價

  unfair competition:不正當(dāng)競爭

  fierce/intense/furious/cut-throat competition:激烈競爭

  fake and inferior product:假冒偽劣產(chǎn)品

  after-sale service:售后服務(wù)

  enterprise image:企業(yè)形象

  brand effect:品牌效應(yīng)

  over-consuming:超前消費(fèi)

  reduce the funding for...:減少經(jīng)費(fèi)

  lift/elevate people's standard of living:提高人們的生活水平

  lower citizens' standard of living:降低居民生活水平

  eliminate poverty:消除貧困

  expand the gap between the wealthy and the needy:擴(kuò)大貧富差距

  increase/expand domestic demand:擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需

  spur/stimulate consumption:刺激消費(fèi)

 

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